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Get unlimited access to WIRED - only $30 $5 for one year. (https://www.wired.com/v2/offers/wira01002?source=Site_0_JNY_WIR_DESKTOP_PAYWALL_THIN_METER_ARTICLE_1_0_2025_INTL_PV0_TEST_ZZ_PANELA&cds_mag_code=WIR&cds_page_id=280358&cds_response_key=94VGAANA1) GET DIGITAL ACCESS (/author/emily-mullin/) Emily Mullin (/category/science) Science Feb 27, 2025 4:51 PM The US May Start Vaccinating Chickens Against Bird Flu With egg prices soaring, the US is considering vaccinating laying chickens, which have been hit particularly hard by the avian influenza outbreak. (The US May Start Vaccinating Chickens Against Bird Flu) Photograph: Karen Moskowitz/ Getty Images Save this story Save Save this story Save As part of a (https://www.usda.gov/about-usda/news/press-releases/2025/02/26/usda-invests-1-billion-combat-avian-flu-and-reduce-egg-prices) new $1 billion plan to address bird flu in poultry and lower egg prices across the country, US secretary of agriculture Brooke Rollins announced Wednesday that the Department of Agriculture is considering vaccinating chickens against highly pathogenic avian influenza. The US has dealt with flare-ups of bird flu in the past, but the current outbreak has been raging since 2022. The virus has been detected in wild birds in every state, which go on to expose commercial poultry and other animals. At least (https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/situation-summary/data-map-commercial.html) 166 million birds and (https://www.aphis.usda.gov/livestock-poultry-disease/avian/avian-influenza/hpai-detections/hpai-confirmed-cases-livestock) 973 dairy herds have been affected in the current US outbreak. Infected animals have led to 70 cases of bird flu in people, (https://www.wired.com/story/the-first-us-bird-flu-death-is-a-stark-warning) including one death . Science Newsletter Your weekly roundup of the best stories on health care, the climate crisis, new scientific discoveries, and more. Delivered on Wednesdays. () Sign up By signing up, you agree to our (https://www.condenast.com/user-agreement) user agreement (including (https://www.condenast.com/user-agreement#introduction-arbitration-notice) class action waiver and arbitration provisions ), and acknowledge our (https://www.condenast.com/privacy-policy) privacy policy . Bird flu is extremely deadly for poultry and can wipe out flocks quickly. To stop the virus from spreading, the USDA has long promoted culling infected birds. The practice has led to a 53 percent increase in egg prices from January 2024 to January of this year, and (https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/food-price-outlook/summary-findings) this week the USDA predicted an additional 40 percent increase in 2025. In a (https://www.wsj.com/opinion/agriculture-secretary-brooke-rollins-my-plan-to-lower-egg-prices-6be0f881) Wall Street Journal editorial published Wednesday morning, Rollins said the USDA is \u201cexploring the use of vaccines and therapeutics for laying chickens,\u201d which should help reduce the need to depopulate flocks. She added that, \u201cWhile vaccines aren\u2019t a stand-alone solution, we will provide up to $100 million in research and development of vaccines and therapeutics, to improve their efficacy and efficiency.\u201d In addition to the $100 million the USDA is spending on vaccine research, the agency is committing $500 million for biosecurity measures on farms and $400 million in financial relief for affected farmers. It\u2019s also exploring temporary import options and considering ways to increase the domestic supply of eggs. Earlier this month, the USDA (https://news.zoetis.com/press-releases/press-release-details/2025/Zoetis-Receives-Conditional-License-from-USDA-for-Avian-Influenza-Vaccine-H5N2-Subtype-Killed-Virus/default.aspx) issued a conditional license to animal health company Zoetis for an updated bird flu vaccine for use in chickens. The conditional license was granted on the demonstration of safety, purity, and reasonable expectation of efficacy based on antibody responses in vaccinated chickens. Previous avian influenza outbreaks prompted the US to stockpile vaccines, but those shots are based on older strains of the virus and have never been used in poultry. One of those older vaccines, made by Zoetis and conditionally approved in 2016, was first used in 2023 by the US Fish and Wildlife Service to help protect California condors. Chickens already receive several vaccinations for common diseases, and some countries are already vaccinating against bird flu, but the US has held out over concerns that immunization could hurt the exported poultry market. \u201cMany times vaccines are not completely effective against a viral challenge,\u201d says Gino Lorenzoni, associate professor of poultry science and avian health at Penn State University. \u201cThe disease is probably not going to be fatal in many [vaccinated] animals, but the virus may still be reproducing and circulating within a population.\u201d The worry therefore is that if vaccination does not provide full protection, the virus could go undetected in poultry exports. Countries that buy poultry from the US could then impose trade restrictions because of the possibility of receiving infected products. When France decided to vaccinate ducks against bird flu in October 2023, the US and Canada banned certain French poultry imports. Those bans were partially lifted in January, after the French government was able to ensure safe trade. 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During the current outbreak, more than 77 percent of the domestic poultry affected have been commercial egg-laying hens. In a USDA press release, Rollins said the agency is considering a \u201ctargeted and thoughtful strategy\u201d for vaccination. But the broiler chicken industry worries that even targeted vaccination of laying chickens would hurt the US, which is the second-largest exporter of poultry meat. Ashley Peterson, senior vice president of scientific and regulatory affairs at the National Chicken Council, says other countries are likely to ban all US poultry products, even if the US only vaccinates laying chickens. \u201cWhen you move to a vaccine, you are essentially saying the virus is endemic and this is how we\u2019re going to cope with it,\u201d she says. \u201cWe would prefer to not cope with the virus. We would prefer to eliminate it completely.\u201d The organization supports the USDA\u2019s current policy of culling infected flocks, as well as increasing biosecurity on farms\u2014measures such as quarantining newly acquired animals, wearing protective clothing in poultry houses, disinfecting footwear before entering animal areas, and cleaning farm equipment. But Carol Cardona, a professor of avian health at the University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, says biosecurity alone is unlikely to eliminate bird flu. \u201cFarmers are so fatigued from hearing about biosecurity because they\u2019re doing everything they can already,\u201d she says. \u201cWithout more information about how those birds are getting infected, it\u2019s very difficult to target biosecurity correctly.\u201d The virus can be carried in and out of poultry barns on shoes, clothes, and equipment that moves in and out of poultry barns. Mice, rats, and other small mammals can also carry the virus. With the disease now so widespread, Cardona says, it will take more than one strategy to reduce outbreaks. \u201cWe\u2019ve been fighting this fight with one hand tied behind our back, and I think there are other tools,\u201d she says. \u201cWe have to create new methods to keep it out, and part of that is going to involve that vaccination.\u201d Even if vaccination doesn\u2019t always prevent infection, Lorenzoni says it would still help reduce the amount of virus that\u2019s circulating in the environment, which would slow down the spread of the disease to more farms. And trade disruption could be brief. Rollins said the USDA will work with trading partners to limit impacts to export trade markets from potential vaccination. Lorenzoni says there will be pressure from other markets to keep the international exchange of poultry viable. \u201cIt is in everyone\u2019s best interest to move as fast as they can with these commercial agreements,\u201d he says. You Might Also Like \u2026 In your inbox: Upgrade your life with (https://www.wired.com/newsletter/gear?sourceCode=BottomStories) WIRED-tested gear Musk takeover: (https://www.wired.com/story/doge-elon-musk-fast-cuts/) DOGE\u2019s race to the bottom Big Story: (https://www.wired.com/story/pavel-durov-arrest-telegram-content-moderation/) The bust that took down Durov and upended Telegram WIRED\u2019s favorite (https://www.wired.com/story/buy-it-for-life/) \u2018buy it for life\u2019 gear Event: Join us for (https://health.wired.com/?sourceCode=BottomStories) WIRED Health on March 18 in London (/author/emily-mullin/) () (/author/emily-mullin/) Emily Mullin is a staff writer at WIRED, covering biotechnology. Previously, she was an MIT Knight Science Journalism project fellow and a staff writer covering biotechnology at Medium's OneZero. Before that, she served as an associate editor at MIT Technology Review, where she wrote about biomedicine. Her stories have also ... 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Matt Reynolds (https://www.wired.com/story/end-of-semaglutide-shortage-glp1-ozempic-wegovy/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_4e710f63-3c87-40a4-a80a-1e6a613b02c7_roberta-similarity1) (https://www.wired.com/story/end-of-semaglutide-shortage-glp1-ozempic-wegovy/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_4e710f63-3c87-40a4-a80a-1e6a613b02c7_roberta-similarity1) The Ozempic Shortage Is Over The semaglutide shortage has officially ended in the US\u2014which means the GLP-1 drug industry is about to undergo massive changes. Kate Knibbs (https://www.wired.com/story/usaid-researchers-email-access/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_4e710f63-3c87-40a4-a80a-1e6a613b02c7_roberta-similarity1) (https://www.wired.com/story/usaid-researchers-email-access/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_4e710f63-3c87-40a4-a80a-1e6a613b02c7_roberta-similarity1) Elon Musk\u2019s DOGE Is Still Blocking HIV/AIDS Relief Exempted From Foreign Aid Cuts The Trump administration claims it is allowing \u201clifesaving\u201d foreign aid to continue, but in reality, DOGE is preventing vital work on HIV and AIDS from saving lives. Kate Knibbs (https://www.wired.com/story/measles-cases-rise-texas/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_4e710f63-3c87-40a4-a80a-1e6a613b02c7_roberta-similarity1) (https://www.wired.com/story/measles-cases-rise-texas/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_4e710f63-3c87-40a4-a80a-1e6a613b02c7_roberta-similarity1) Nearly 100 Measles Cases Have Been Reported in Texas The virus has spread in areas with low vaccination rates, and most of those affected are minors. Javier Carbajal (https://www.wired.com/story/usaid-famine-system-dismantled/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_4e710f63-3c87-40a4-a80a-1e6a613b02c7_roberta-similarity1) (https://www.wired.com/story/usaid-famine-system-dismantled/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_4e710f63-3c87-40a4-a80a-1e6a613b02c7_roberta-similarity1) This USAID Program Made Food Aid More Efficient for Decades. DOGE Gutted It Anyways The Famine Early Warning Systems Network is one of USAID\u2019s most data-driven programs, but its work has been stalled by the Trump administration. Kate Knibbs (https://www.wired.com/story/doge-antarctica-science-research-china-russia/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_4e710f63-3c87-40a4-a80a-1e6a613b02c7_roberta-similarity1) (https://www.wired.com/story/doge-antarctica-science-research-china-russia/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_4e710f63-3c87-40a4-a80a-1e6a613b02c7_roberta-similarity1) DOGE\u2019s Chaos Reaches Antarctica Daily life at US-run Antarctic stations has already been disrupted. Scientists worry that the long-term impacts could upend not only important research but the continent\u2019s delicate geopolitics. Leah Feiger (https://www.wired.com/story/noaa-employees-foreign-nationals/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_4e710f63-3c87-40a4-a80a-1e6a613b02c7_roberta-similarity1) (https://www.wired.com/story/noaa-employees-foreign-nationals/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_4e710f63-3c87-40a4-a80a-1e6a613b02c7_roberta-similarity1) NOAA Employees Told to Pause Work With \u2018Foreign Nationals\u2019 An internal email obtained by WIRED shows that NOAA workers received orders to pause \u201cALL INTERNATIONAL ENGAGEMENTS.\u201d Dell Cameron (https://www.wired.com/v2/offers/wira01002?source=Site_0_JNY_WIR_DESKTOP_CM_FOOTER_0_2025_INTL_PV0_TEST_ZZ_PANELA&cds_mag_code=WIR&cds_page_id=280358&cds_response_key=94VGAANA1&redirectURL=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fchickens-vaccines-us-bird-flu%2F) (Wired logo) Get 1 year for $30 $5 (Wired robot) SUBSCRIBE (/) (WIRED) WIRED is where tomorrow is realized. 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(http://www.aboutads.info) Ad Choices Select international site United States LargeChevron (https://www.wired.it/) Italia (https://wired.jp/) Jap\u00f3n (https://www.wired.cz/) Czech Republic & Slovakia (https://www.facebook.com/wired/) Facebook (https://twitter.com/wired/) X (https://pinterest.com/wired/) Pinterest (https://www.youtube.com/user/wired/) YouTube (https://instagram.com/wired/) Instagram (https://www.tiktok.com/@wired?lang=en) Tiktok Do Not Sell My Personal Info " ], "output": "htmltotext.txt", "pwd": "/data/archive/1740878864.458715", "schema": "ArchiveResult", "start_ts": "2025-03-02T01:28:32.183477+00:00", "status": "succeeded" } ], "media": [ { "cmd": [ "/usr/local/bin/yt-dlp", "--restrict-filenames", "--trim-filenames", "128", "--write-description", "--write-info-json", "--write-annotations", "--write-thumbnail", "--no-call-home", "--write-sub", "--write-auto-subs", "--convert-subs=srt", "--yes-playlist", "--continue", "--no-abort-on-error", "--ignore-errors", "--geo-bypass", "--add-metadata", "--format=(bv*+ba/b)[filesize<=750m][filesize_approx<=?750m]/(bv*+ba/b)", "--skip-download", "--cache-dir=/data/yt-dlp-cache/", "--cookies=/data/yt-dlp-cache/cookies.txt", "--proxy=socks5://tor-socks-proxy:9150", "--no-playlist", "https://www.wired.com/story/chickens-vaccines-us-bird-flu/" ], "cmd_version": "2024.10.7", "end_ts": "2025-03-02T01:28:41.191824+00:00", "index_texts": [], "output": "media/", "pwd": "/data/archive/1740878864.458715", "schema": "ArchiveResult", "start_ts": "2025-03-02T01:28:34.415481+00:00", "status": "succeeded" } ], "mercury": [ { "cmd": [ "/home/archivebox/.npm/bin/postlight-parser", "https://www.wired.com/story/chickens-vaccines-us-bird-flu/" ], "cmd_version": "2.2.3", "end_ts": "2025-03-02T01:28:32.145713+00:00", "index_texts": null, "output": "mercury/", "pwd": "/data/archive/1740878864.458715", "schema": "ArchiveResult", "start_ts": "2025-03-02T01:28:28.004052+00:00", "status": "succeeded" } ], "pdf": [], "readability": [ { "cmd": [ "/home/archivebox/.npm/bin/readability-extractor", "/tmp/tmpfiq5p3g2", "https://www.wired.com/story/chickens-vaccines-us-bird-flu/" ], "cmd_version": "0.0.11", "end_ts": "2025-03-02T01:28:20.293499+00:00", "index_texts": [ "As part of a new $1 billion plan to address bird flu in poultry and lower egg prices across the country, US secretary of agriculture Brooke Rollins announced Wednesday that the Department of Agriculture is considering vaccinating chickens against highly pathogenic avian influenza.The US has dealt with flare-ups of bird flu in the past, but the current outbreak has been raging since 2022. The virus has been detected in wild birds in every state, which go on to expose commercial poultry and other animals. At least 166 million birds and 973 dairy herds have been affected in the current US outbreak. Infected animals have led to 70 cases of bird flu in people, including one death.Science NewsletterYour weekly roundup of the best stories on health care, the climate crisis, new scientific discoveries, and more. Delivered on Wednesdays.Bird flu is extremely deadly for poultry and can wipe out flocks quickly. To stop the virus from spreading, the USDA has long promoted culling infected birds. The practice has led to a 53 percent increase in egg prices from January 2024 to January of this year, and this week the USDA predicted an additional 40 percent increase in 2025.In a Wall Street Journal editorial published Wednesday morning, Rollins said the USDA is \u201cexploring the use of vaccines and therapeutics for laying chickens,\u201d which should help reduce the need to depopulate flocks. She added that, \u201cWhile vaccines aren\u2019t a stand-alone solution, we will provide up to $100 million in research and development of vaccines and therapeutics, to improve their efficacy and efficiency.\u201dIn addition to the $100 million the USDA is spending on vaccine research, the agency is committing $500 million for biosecurity measures on farms and $400 million in financial relief for affected farmers. It\u2019s also exploring temporary import options and considering ways to increase the domestic supply of eggs.Earlier this month, the USDA issued a conditional license to animal health company Zoetis for an updated bird flu vaccine for use in chickens. The conditional license was granted on the demonstration of safety, purity, and reasonable expectation of efficacy based on antibody responses in vaccinated chickens. Previous avian influenza outbreaks prompted the US to stockpile vaccines, but those shots are based on older strains of the virus and have never been used in poultry. One of those older vaccines, made by Zoetis and conditionally approved in 2016, was first used in 2023 by the US Fish and Wildlife Service to help protect California condors.Chickens already receive several vaccinations for common diseases, and some countries are already vaccinating against bird flu, but the US has held out over concerns that immunization could hurt the exported poultry market.\u201cMany times vaccines are not completely effective against a viral challenge,\u201d says Gino Lorenzoni, associate professor of poultry science and avian health at Penn State University. \u201cThe disease is probably not going to be fatal in many [vaccinated] animals, but the virus may still be reproducing and circulating within a population.\u201dThe worry therefore is that if vaccination does not provide full protection, the virus could go undetected in poultry exports. Countries that buy poultry from the US could then impose trade restrictions because of the possibility of receiving infected products. When France decided to vaccinate ducks against bird flu in October 2023, the US and Canada banned certain French poultry imports. Those bans were partially lifted in January, after the French government was able to ensure safe trade.In the US, poultry vaccination would likely focus on egg-laying chickens, as opposed to broiler chickens, which are raised for meat. During the current outbreak, more than 77 percent of the domestic poultry affected have been commercial egg-laying hens. In a USDA press release, Rollins said the agency is considering a \u201ctargeted and thoughtful strategy\u201d for vaccination.But the broiler chicken industry worries that even targeted vaccination of laying chickens would hurt the US, which is the second-largest exporter of poultry meat. Ashley Peterson, senior vice president of scientific and regulatory affairs at the National Chicken Council, says other countries are likely to ban all US poultry products, even if the US only vaccinates laying chickens. \u201cWhen you move to a vaccine, you are essentially saying the virus is endemic and this is how we\u2019re going to cope with it,\u201d she says. \u201cWe would prefer to not cope with the virus. We would prefer to eliminate it completely.\u201dThe organization supports the USDA\u2019s current policy of culling infected flocks, as well as increasing biosecurity on farms\u2014measures such as quarantining newly acquired animals, wearing protective clothing in poultry houses, disinfecting footwear before entering animal areas, and cleaning farm equipment.But Carol Cardona, a professor of avian health at the University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, says biosecurity alone is unlikely to eliminate bird flu. \u201cFarmers are so fatigued from hearing about biosecurity because they\u2019re doing everything they can already,\u201d she says. \u201cWithout more information about how those birds are getting infected, it\u2019s very difficult to target biosecurity correctly.\u201dThe virus can be carried in and out of poultry barns on shoes, clothes, and equipment that moves in and out of poultry barns. Mice, rats, and other small mammals can also carry the virus.With the disease now so widespread, Cardona says, it will take more than one strategy to reduce outbreaks. \u201cWe\u2019ve been fighting this fight with one hand tied behind our back, and I think there are other tools,\u201d she says. \u201cWe have to create new methods to keep it out, and part of that is going to involve that vaccination.\u201dEven if vaccination doesn\u2019t always prevent infection, Lorenzoni says it would still help reduce the amount of virus that\u2019s circulating in the environment, which would slow down the spread of the disease to more farms.And trade disruption could be brief. Rollins said the USDA will work with trading partners to limit impacts to export trade markets from potential vaccination. Lorenzoni says there will be pressure from other markets to keep the international exchange of poultry viable. \u201cIt is in everyone\u2019s best interest to move as fast as they can with these commercial agreements,\u201d he says." ], "output": "readability/", "pwd": "/data/archive/1740878864.458715", "schema": "ArchiveResult", "start_ts": "2025-03-02T01:28:16.614381+00:00", "status": "succeeded" } ], "screenshot": [], "singlefile": [], "title": [ { "cmd": [ "/usr/bin/curl", "--silent", "--location", "--compressed", "--proxy", "socks5://tor-socks-proxy:9150", "--max-time", "60", "--user-agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/128.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 ArchiveBox/{VERSION} (+https://github.com/ArchiveBox/ArchiveBox/)", "https://www.wired.com/story/chickens-vaccines-us-bird-flu/" ], "cmd_version": "8.10.1", "end_ts": "2025-03-02T01:28:15.953911+00:00", "index_texts": null, "output": "The US May Start Vaccinating Chickens Against Bird Flu | WIRED", "pwd": "/data/archive/1740878864.458715", "schema": "ArchiveResult", "start_ts": "2025-03-02T01:28:15.879680+00:00", "status": "succeeded" } ], "wget": [] }, "icons": null, "is_archived": true, "is_static": false, "latest": { "archive_org": "TimeoutExpired: Command '['/usr/bin/curl', '--silent', '--location', '--compressed', '--proxy', 'socks5://tor-socks-proxy:9150', '--head', '--max-time', '60', '--user-agent', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/128.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 ArchiveBox/{VERSION} (+https://github.com/ArchiveBox/ArchiveBox/)', 'https://web.archive.org/save/https://www.wired.com/story/chickens-vaccines-us-bird-flu/']' timed out after 60 seconds", "dom": "output.html", "favicon": "favicon.ico", "git": null, "media": "media/", "pdf": null, "screenshot": null, "singlefile": null, "title": "The US May Start Vaccinating Chickens Against Bird Flu | WIRED", "warc": null, "wget": null }, "link_dir": "/data/archive/1740878864.458715", "newest_archive_date": "2025-03-02T01:28:41.246531+00:00", "num_failures": 1, "num_outputs": 8, "oldest_archive_date": "2025-03-02T01:27:51.583218+00:00", "path": "/story/chickens-vaccines-us-bird-flu/", "schema": "Link", "scheme": "https", "snapshot_abid": "snp_01JNA7ER3BA8BAE0A601KXR013", "snapshot_id": "fd9aedb0-24a1-44d1-8080-2cfd27dc0023", "sources": [ "/data/sources/1740878862-import.txt" ], "tags": null, "tags_str": "", "timestamp": "1740878864.458715", "title": "The US May Start Vaccinating Chickens Against Bird Flu | WIRED", "url": "https://www.wired.com/story/chickens-vaccines-us-bird-flu/" }